Emergency Control Concepts for Future Power Systems

In this paper, three approaches to increasing power system security are presented which are particularly relevant with respect to emerging fundamental changes in the operation paradigms of electric grids. Special attention is given to the challenge of maintaining system stability and security of supply in the presence of distributed and fluctuating renewable power generation and the integration of electro-mobility into the distribution grid. The proposed remedies, tailored for integration into future “smart grid” communication and control structures, consist of introducing controlled islanding schemes for interconnected transmission grids, highly distributed under-frequency load shedding mechanisms on the customer level, and controlled disconnection of electric vehicles in case of a distribution grid overloading. The motivation and principles of operation of each measure are presented and illustrated by a simulation example.